Southern Cone Common Market (MERCOSUR)

The largest unions, the most dynamic and influential - Mercosur, created in 1991 through the Treaty of Asuncio'n. In size and economic potential, MERCOSUR is the second (after EU) Customs Union and the third (after the EU and the North American Free Trade Area), a free trade zone. The organizational structure of Mercosur is flexible, simple and practical, which provides for mandatory representation of the Government of each of the four participating countries, but does not involve the creation of a supranational body. All decisions are taken by consensus. The supreme governing body of MERCOSUR is the Common Market Council, which comprises the ministers of foreign affairs and economy. He convened at least once every six months. His meeting concluded summit, endorses the decision of the Council. Executive authority is the Common Market Group (GAD), which consists of four authorized representative and four alternates from the participating countries, nominated by Governments and include representatives of ministries of foreign affairs, economy and central banks. Coordination of activities carried out by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs GORE participating countries. With GORE operates 10 working groups on specific areas of cooperation and the Board of Trade, to ensure a common trade policy within a customs union. GORE and heads the Council member countries in rotation every six months. The system also includes the MERCOSUR Joint Parliamentary Commission, including representatives of national parliaments, and Socio-Economic Consultative Forum, established to ensure the participation of business representatives and trade unions in formulating recommendations for the mountains. The technical functions vested in the MERCOSUR Administrative Secretariat, located in Montevideo (Uruguay). Deepening economic integration in the Southern cone is accompanied by the strengthening of Mercosur as a political entity. In 1996, the summit in San Luis (Argentina) had made a commitment to hold joint consultations and measures of political pressure in the event of a threat to democratic order in a member association. MERCOSUR attached great importance to the establishment of a system that guarantees the fulfillment of commitments by participating countries as a prerequisite for successful integration initiatives. If direct negotiations do not lead the parties concerned to resolve the disputed issue, it is transmitted to the mountains, mediate and make recommendations. In the case of their rejection of the parties formed the Arbitration Court, whose decision is final. As evidenced by the practice of the functioning of Mercosur, the settlement of contentious issues constantly arising from its participants, and implemented without the Court of Arbitration by reaching compromises.

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